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WHAT IS IT?
Adenosine is a endogenous purine nucleotide that acts on adenosine receptors that are coupled to inhibitory G-protiens. It hyperpolarizes cells by promoting potassium efflux out of the cell. Its site of activity will dictate its net effect:
- Action on the AV node will cause the AV node to be temporarily stunned.
- Action on the arterioles of the heart will cause transient artery vasodilation.
WHEN DO WE USE IT?
Given its activity on the AV node, adenosine is used to treat cardiac arrhythmias that utilize the AV node for conduction reentry:
- Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT): this medication is used to terminate some times of SVT.
WHEN DO WE AVOID USING IT?
HOW IS IT ADMINISTERED?
WHAT ARE THE SIDE EFFECTS/TOXICITY?
Flushing
Hypotension
Chest pain
Sense of impending doom
ANYTHING ELSE TO KEEP IN MIND?
Very short acting: will last ~ 15 seconds
Caffeine binds to the adenosine receptor as well: those who consume caffeine may require a higher dose for efficacy.
Theophylline is also an adenosine receptor antagonist.
Page Updated: 02.18.2017