Nervous System & Special Senses

Normal Processes

Organ structure and function

Brain stem

Hypothalamic nuclei

Sensory systems

Sensory dermatomes of the body

Abnormal Processes

Infectious, immunologic, and inflammatory disorders

Infectious disorders

Meningitis: 

Encephalitis: 

Herpes encephalitis, neurocysticercosis (Taenia solium), West Nile virus

Other:

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, botulism (Clostridium botulinum), tetanus (Clostridium tetani), Epidural abscess

[glossary_exclude]CNS[/glossary_exclude] disorders associated with AIDS:

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

Immunologic and inflammatory disorders

Myasthenia gravis, Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, multiple sclerosis, transverse myelitis

Neoplasms (cerebral, spinal, and peripheral)

Benign (meningioma, neurofibromatosis type 1, neurofibromatosis type 2), medulloblastoma

Malignant (glioblastoma multiforme, primary CNS lymphoma)

Cerebrovascular disease

transient ischemic attack, subarachnoid hemorrhage, vascular dementia, hypertensive encephalopathy, subclavian steal syndrome, Wallenberg syndrome, cavernous sinus thrombosis

Disorders relating to the spine, spinal cord, and spinal nerve roots

Cauda equina syndrome, lumbar spinal stenosis

Cranial and peripheral nerve disorders

Cranial nerve injury/disorders

Horner syndrome

Peripheral nerve/plexus injury/disorders

carpal tunnel syndrome, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), neuropathy (Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease), herpes zoster

Erb palsy

Neurologic pain syndromes

trigeminal neuralgia,

Degenerative disorders/amnestic syndromes

Alzheimer disease, Pick disease, Lewy body disease/Lewy body dementia

Global cerebral dysfunction

Altered states of consciousness: delirium

Neuromuscular disorders

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Movement disorders

Acute dystonia, essential tremor, Huntington disease, Parkinson disease

Paroxysmal disorders

Headaches: migraine, tension headache, cluster headache

Seizure disorders: simple partial seizure, complex partial seizure, generalized tonic-clonic seizure (grand mal seizure), absence seizure 

Sleep disorders

narcolepsy, circadian rhythm disorders, sleep terror disorder, restless legs syndrome

Traumatic and mechanical disorders and disorders of increased intracranial pressure

epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, pseudotumor cerebri (idiopathic intracranial hypertension), torticollis, normal-pressure hydrocephalus,

Congenital disorders

Friedreich ataxia, neural tube defects (spina bifida occulta) tuberous sclerosis, Dandy-Walker malformation, von Hippel-Lindau disease

Adverse effects of drugs on the nervous system

neuroleptic malignant syndrome, serotonin syndrome

Disorders of the eye and eyelid

Infectious and inflammatory disorders of the eye

conjunctivitis

Neoplasms of the eye

retinoblastoma

Disorders of the eye and eyelid, structural

glaucoma (closed-angle glaucoma, open-angle glaucoma)

Disorders of the retina

macular degeneration (dry macular degeneration, wet macular degeneration), retinal detachment, central retinal artery occlusion, carotid artery stenosis,

Traumatic and mechanical disorders

subconjunctival hemorrhage

Disorders of the ear

Infectious and inflammatory disorders of the ear

Acute otitis media, otitis externa, otitis media with effusion

Neoplasms

acoustic neuroma, neurofibromatosis type 2, cholesteatoma,

Disorders of balance and spatial orientation

Ménière disease, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)